Augment accepts a model object and a dataset and adds information about each observation in the dataset. Most commonly, this includes predicted values in the .fitted column, residuals in the .resid column, and standard errors for the fitted values in a .se.fit column. New columns always begin with a . prefix to avoid overwriting columns in the original dataset.

Users may pass data to augment via either the data argument or the newdata argument. If the user passes data to the data argument, it must be exactly the data that was used to fit the model object. Pass datasets to newdata to augment data that was not used during model fitting. This still requires that all columns used to fit the model are present.

Augment will often behavior different depending on whether data or newdata is specified. This is because there is often information associated with training observations (such as influences or related) measures that is not meaningfully defined for new observations.

For convenience, many augment methods provide default data arguments, so that augment(fit) will return the augmented training data. In these cases augment tries to reconstruct the original data based on the model object, with some varying degrees of success.

The augmented dataset is always returned as a tibble::tibble with the same number of rows as the passed dataset. This means that the passed data must be coercible to a tibble. At this time, tibbles do not support matrix-columns. This means you should not specify a matrix of covariates in a model formula during the original model fitting process, and that splines::ns(), stats::poly() and survival::Surv() objects are not supported in input data. If you encounter errors, try explicitly passing a tibble, or fitting the original model on data in a tibble.

We are in the process of defining behaviors for models fit with various na.action arguments, but make no guarantees about behavior when data is missing at this time.

# S3 method for rqs
augment(x, data = model.frame(x), newdata, ...)

## Arguments

x An rqs object returned from quantreg::rq(). A data.frame() or tibble::tibble() containing the original data that was used to produce the object x. Defaults to stats::model.frame(x) so that augment(my_fit) returns the augmented original data. Do not pass new data to the data argument. Augment will report information such as influence and cooks distance for data passed to the data argument. These measures are only defined for the original training data. A data.frame() or tibble::tibble() containing all the original predictors used to create x. Defaults to NULL, indicating that nothing has been passed to newdata. If newdata is specified, the data argument will be ignored. Arguments passed on to quantreg::predict.rqs objectobject of class rq or rqs or rq.process produced by rq typeFor predict.rq, the method for 'confidence' intervals, if desired. If 'percentile' then one of the bootstrap methods is used to generate percentile intervals for each prediction, if 'direct' then a version of the Portnoy and Zhou (1998) method is used, and otherwise an estimated covariance matrix for the parameter estimates is used. Further arguments to determine the choice of bootstrap method or covariance matrix estimate can be passed via the ... argument. For predict.rqs and predict.rq.process when stepfun = TRUE, type is "Qhat", "Fhat" or "fhat" depending on whether the user would like to have estimates of the conditional quantile, distribution or density functions respectively. As noted below the two former estimates can be monotonized with the function rearrange. When the "fhat" option is invoked, a list of conditional density functions is returned based on Silverman's adaptive kernel method as implemented in akj and approxfun. stepfunIf 'TRUE' return stepfunctions otherwise return matrix of predictions. these functions can be estimates of either the conditional quantile or distribution functions depending upon the type argument. When stepfun = FALSE a matrix of point estimates of the conditional quantile function at the points specified by the newdata argument. na.actionfunction determining what should be done with missing values in 'newdata'. The default is to predict 'NA'.

## Details

Depending on the arguments passed on to predict.rq via ..., a confidence interval is also calculated on the fitted values resulting in columns .conf.low and .conf.high. Does not provide confidence intervals when data is specified via the newdata argument.

augment, quantreg::rq(), quantreg::predict.rqs()
Other quantreg tidiers: augment.nlrq(), augment.rq(), glance.nlrq(), glance.rq(), tidy.nlrq(), tidy.rqs(), tidy.rq()